當(dang)恒溫(wen)恒濕試(shi)驗(yan)箱制(zhi)冷,加熱和恒濕不(bu)準(zhun)時需要(yao)?的(de)狀況怎么(me)樣客戶(hu)經常(chang)會遇到(dao)恒溫(wen)恒濕試(shi)驗(yan)箱不(bu)制(zhi)冷的(de)狀況,所以今天就這個(ge)問題一起來研究和探討下:
原因一:
1.由于是(shi)溫度保持不住,觀察制(zhi)冷(leng)壓縮(suo)機在(zai)試驗箱運(yun)(yun)行過程中是(shi)否能夠啟(qi)動(dong),壓縮(suo)機在(zai)環境試驗設備運(yun)(yun)行過程中都能夠啟(qi)動(dong),說明(ming)從主電源到各(ge)壓縮(suo)機的(de)電器線路(lu)正常(chang),電器系統方面(mian)也(ye)沒(mei)有問題。
1. 電氣系(xi)統沒有問題,繼續檢(jian)查制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)系(xi)統。首先檢(jian)查兩(liang)組制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)機組的低(di)溫(R23)級(ji)壓縮機的(de)(de)排氣(qi)和吸(xi)氣(qi)壓力都較正常值(zhi)偏(pian)低,而且吸(xi)氣(qi)壓力呈抽空狀態,說明主(zhu)制冷機組的(de)(de)制冷劑量不足。
3.用手摸主機組R23壓(ya)縮(suo)機的(de)(de)(de)排(pai)氣(qi)和吸氣(qi)管路,發現排(pai)氣(qi)管路的(de)(de)(de)溫度(du)不高,吸氣(qi)管路的(de)(de)(de)溫度(du)也(ye)不低(未(wei)結霜),這也(ye)說明了主機組的(de)(de)(de)R23制冷劑缺乏。
原因二:
1.未確(que)定(ding)故障(zhang)原(yuan)因,結合試(shi)驗(yan)箱的(de)控制過(guo)程進一步確(que)認故障(zhang)原(yuan)因,該(gai)試(shi)驗(yan)箱擁有兩套制冷機組。
2.一為主機(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu),另一為輔助(zhu)(zhu)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu),在(zai)降溫(wen)(wen)(wen)速(su)率(lv)較大時(shi),兩(liang)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)同(tong)時(shi)工(gong)(gong)作,在(zai)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)保持階(jie)段初期(qi),兩(liang)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)依然同(tong)時(shi)工(gong)(gong)作。待溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)初步穩(wen)定(ding)下(xia)來,輔助(zhu)(zhu)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)停(ting)止(zhi)工(gong)(gong)作,由主機(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)來維(wei)持溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)穩(wen)定(ding)。如果主機(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)R23泄(xie)露,會使(shi)主機(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)冷效果不(bu)大,由于降溫(wen)(wen)(wen)過程(cheng)中(zhong),兩(liang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)同(tong)時(shi)工(gong)(gong)作,故(gu)沒有(you)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)穩(wen)定(ding)不(bu)住的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現象,而指示降溫(wen)(wen)(wen)速(su)率(lv)降低。在(zai)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)保持階(jie)段,一旦(dan)輔助(zhu)(zhu)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)停(ting)止(zhi)工(gong)(gong)作,主機(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)又無制(zhi)冷作用(yong),試驗(yan)箱內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空(kong)氣(qi)就會緩慢(man)上(shang)升,當溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)上(shang)升到一定(ding)程(cheng)度(du),控制(zhi)系統就會啟(qi)動輔助(zhu)(zhu)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)來降溫(wen)(wen)(wen),將溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)下(xia)降至設(she)定(ding)值(-55℃)附(fu)近,然后輔助(zhu)(zhu)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)又停(ting)止(zhi)工(gong)(gong)作,如此反復(fu),便會出現如圖3所示的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)故(gu)障現象。至此,已(yi)確(que)認(ren)生產故(gu)障的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)是主機(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)低溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(R23)級機(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)冷劑R23泄(xie)漏。對(dui)制(zhi)冷系統進(jin)(jin)行查漏,用(yong)檢漏儀(yi)和(he)肥皂水相結(jie)合的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法(fa)檢查,發現一熱氣(qi)旁通電(dian)磁閥的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)閥桿裂了(le)約(yue)1cm的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)細縫。更換此電(dian)磁閥,對(dui)系統重新充氟(fu),系統運行正常。由于上(shang)文(wen)可(ke)以看(kan)出,對(dui)該(gai)故(gu)障現象的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)析和(he)判斷(duan)基本上(shang)是有(you)易(yi)至難,先外"后里",先電(dian)氣(qi)"后制(zhi)冷"的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)脈(mo)絡進(jin)(jin)行分(fen)析和(he)判斷(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),熟悉(xi)和(he)了(le)解試驗(yan)箱的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)理(li)和(he)工(gong)(gong)作過程(cheng)是分(fen)析故(gu)障判斷(duan)故(gu)障的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎。
用(yong)觀寞潔判斷恒(heng)(heng)(heng)(heng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)恒(heng)(heng)(heng)(heng)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)系統(tong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)劑是否泄漏當恒(heng)(heng)(heng)(heng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)恒(heng)(heng)(heng)(heng)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)缺氟時,制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)系統(tong)工作便會不(bu)正常(chang)(chang),導致壓縮機啟動(dong)頻繁。若(ruo)發(fa)現(xian)恒(heng)(heng)(heng)(heng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)恒(heng)(heng)(heng)(heng)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)凍室(shi)(shi)內壁無霜(單(dan)、雙門(men)直冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)式(shi)恒(heng)(heng)(heng)(heng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)恒(heng)(heng)(heng)(heng)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)正常(chang)(chang)時應(ying)有(you)(you)霜),或無冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)氣(雙門(men)間冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)式(shi)恒(heng)(heng)(heng)(heng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)恒(heng)(heng)(heng)(heng)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)無霜但(dan)有(you)(you)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)氣),即表明(ming)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)劑不(bu)足。在(zai)恒(heng)(heng)(heng)(heng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)恒(heng)(heng)(heng)(heng)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)正常(chang)(chang)運轉(zhuan)時,冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)凝器(qi)的(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度應(ying)自上而下逐漸降低,用(yong)手摸(mo)(mo)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)凝器(qi)管路(內藏(zang)式(shi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)凝器(qi)可摸(mo)(mo)后背或兩側(ce)),若(ruo)手感發(fa)熱(re)為正常(chang)(chang)的(de)(de);若(ruo)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)凝器(qi)不(bu)熱(re)(與室(shi)(shi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)相同(tong))則(ze)(ze)表明(ming)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)劑不(bu)足。更(geng)換恒(heng)(heng)(heng)(heng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)恒(heng)(heng)(heng)(heng)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)系統(tong)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)部(bu)件(jian)應(ying)遵(zun)循原則(ze)(ze)在(zai)更(geng)換恒(heng)(heng)(heng)(heng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)恒(heng)(heng)(heng)(heng)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)系統(tong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)部(bu)件(jian)時應(ying)首(shou)先考慮用(yong)原型(xing)號更(geng)換,若(ruo)役有(you)(you)原型(xing)號制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)部(bu)件(jian),則(ze)(ze)應(ying)考慮用(yong)型(xing)號相似的(de)(de)恒(heng)(heng)(heng)(heng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)恒(heng)(heng)(heng)(heng)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)室(shi)(shi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)系統(tong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)部(bu)件(jian)進(jin)行更(geng)換。在(zai)更(geng)換制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)部(bu)件(jian)時應(ying)遵(zun)循以下原則(ze)(ze):
(1)AP制冷(leng)系(xi)統全(quan)封閉式壓(ya)縮機的更換原則(ze):首先要看壓(ya)縮機的功率(lv),若役有相同功率(lv)的壓(ya)縮機,應選(xuan)擇功率(lv)不超過原恒溫恒濕實驗室制冷(leng)系(xi)統壓(ya)縮機功率(lv)*10%的(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)機(ji)更換(huan)。若更換(huan)后的(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)機(ji)比原(yuan)來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)小(xiao),應(ying)(ying)適當截去一段毛細(xi)管,反之應(ying)(ying)適當加(jia)長(chang)毛細(xi)管,同(tong)時也要(yao)減少(shao)或增加(jia)制冷(leng)劑的(de)(de)(de)(de)充注(zhu)(zhu)量。更換(huan)后壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)機(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)制冷(leng)劑應(ying)(ying)與恒(heng)(heng)溫恒(heng)(heng)濕(shi)實(shi)驗室制冷(leng)系統原(yuan)壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)機(ji)相同(tong),否(fou)則客易損壞制冷(leng)部件,因為不同(tong)制冷(leng)劑對(dui)潤滑油的(de)(de)(de)(de)性(xing)能要(yao)求及(ji)電機(ji)漆(qi)包線(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求均(jun)不同(tong)。同(tong)時還要(yao)注(zhu)(zhu)意壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)機(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)額(e)定電壓(ya)(ya)。
(2)恒(heng)溫恒(heng)濕實驗室制冷(leng)(leng)系統冷(leng)(leng)凝(ning)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)更換:冷(leng)(leng)凝(ning)器(qi)(qi)有內藏(zang)式(shi)和外(wai)置式(shi)兩種。內藏(zang)式(shi)冷(leng)(leng)凝(ning)器(qi)(qi)安裝在冰箱的(de)(de)左右側或后(hou)側,與箱體發泡保溫層連成一(yi)體。若這(zhe)種冷(leng)(leng)凝(ning)器(qi)(qi)發生泄漏應改裝成外(wai)置式(shi)的(de)(de)冷(leng)(leng)凝(ning)器(qi)(qi)。外(wai)置式(shi)冷(leng)(leng)凝(ning)器(qi)(qi)選擇較(jiao)大(da)(后(hou)側尺寸為準)的(de)(de)鋼(gang)絲管式(shi)冷(leng)(leng)凝(ning)器(qi)(qi)。
(3)恒溫恒濕實驗室制冷系統蒸發器的更換原則:恒溫恒濕實驗室的蒸發器的類型多種多樣,有吹脹式、翅片管式等。這些蒸發器絕大多數是鋁制品,其損壞的可能性較大。有些蒸發器(翅片管式)更換比較方便,而鑲嵌在發泡層內的蒸發器(如吹脹式)拆卸更換就比較麻煩,若該類蒸發器損壞時應廢棄不用,改用另外一只規格相近的蒸發器安裝在合適的位置即可。以)細管的更換原則:APKJ毛細管是制冷系統中重要的(de)部(bu)件,它是一(yi)根(gen)細長紫銅管,其內徑一(yi)般為0.4~1mm,安裝在干燥(zao)過濾(lv)器和蒸發(fa)(fa)器之間,毛細管客易發(fa)(fa)生的是堵塞故障(zhang),若遇到該類故障(zhang)時不能隨意截斷(duan)毛細管,若無(wu)法用氣流排出堵塞物時應更換(huan)新毛細管。
(4)換新(xin)毛(mao)細管(guan)時應(ying)注(zhu)意原(yuan)毛(mao)細管(guan)內徑(jing)(jing)和長度,不得隨意改變其內徑(jing)(jing)和長度,更(geng)換后還必須試機觀察,若效果不佳應(ying)根據(ju)實(shi)際情況進(jin)行處理。
(5)制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)系統干燥(zao)過濾(lv)器的(de)更換(huan)原則:由(you)于過濾(lv)器是用來吸收制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)劑中的(de)雜質和水分(fen)的(de),所以更換(huan)時應(ying)(ying)注意,在打(da)開其包裝袋后(hou)應(ying)(ying)盡(jin)快地焊(han)接(jie),以防空氣中的(de)水分(fen)進入,影響(xiang)制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)效果。
當(dang)恒溫恒濕試驗箱制冷,加熱和恒濕不準時需要?怎(zen)么樣如上(shang)文為詳細(xi)。
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